화학공학소재연구정보센터
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol.359, No.3, 431-437, 2007
Constitutive over-expression of VEGF results in reduced expression of Hand-1 during cardiac development in Xenopus
During heart development, various signaling cascades are tightly regulated in a stage- and region-dependent manner. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the important molecules required for both vascular development and cardiac morphogenesis. VEGF receptors are p:resent in the embryonic heart, so we focused on heart formation in VEGF-over-expressing Xenopus embryos. Over-expression of VEGF(170) caused disorganized vessels, while the expression of an endothelial marker, Tie-2, was increased. The embryo's heart was distinctly larger than that of control, and showed abnormal morphology. Histological analysis of these embryos showed failure of heart looping. In situ hybridization with Hand-1, which controls intrinsic morphogenetic pathways, revealed that the expression level of Hand-1 was decreased in the heart region. These results suggest that increased VEGF170 levels disturb Hand-1 expression in the region required for normal heart morphogenesis. VEGF expression level may be important in heart morphology during embryonic development. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.