Formation of shish-kebab crystals due to the coil-stretch transition under shear in the molten state using a bimodal polyethylene system with high molecular weight (HMW) fraction having different branch content was investigated. In specific, in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) techniques were used to study the structure evolution of shish-kebab crystals at high temperatures under simple shear. The SAXS results revealed that with the increase of branch content, shish-kebab crystals became more stable at high temperatures (e.g., 139 degrees C). However, the shish length of the bimodal PE containing 0.11% branch was shorter than that with no branch. The WAXD results showed that the degree of crystallization for bimodal PE with HMW fraction having 0.11% branch increased with time but reached a plateau value of 1%, while that with no branch increased continuously till 11%. Furthermore, the crystal orientation of bimodal PE with HMW fraction having 0.11% branch was above 0.9 and maintained at a constant value, while that with no branch decreased from 0.9 to 0.1 upon relaxation. This study indicates that even though the crystallizability of the HMW fraction with branch content decreased, they could effectively stabilize the shear-induced crystalline structure with shorter shish-kebab crystals. (c) 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 786-794