Some hydrodynamic characteristics of inverse three phase fluidized-bed reactors

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Abstract

Some hydrodynamic characteristics of inverse three-phase fluidized beds were investigated. Using two types of particles having different characteristics (ds=4 mm, ρs=920 kg m-3, and ds=0.175 mm and ρs=690 kg m-3, respectively) allowed us to observe two different expansion mechanisms: a pseudo-fluidized state promoted by the density difference between the solid and the surrounding gas–liquid mixture, and a fluidized state due to the liquid circulation induced by the rise of the bubbles. Both contributed to the solid mixing and axial solid distribution in the system. Systematic holdup measurements were done on two reactor diameter and two types of gas sparger. A correlation for the liquid holdup and bed porosity could be proposed by means of a modified gas drift flux definition. The latest was a function of gas velocity only and gave a good accuracy among the range of solid amount, gas and liquid velocity used.

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    Unfortunately, so far, few modelling works has been reported on the three-phase inverse fluidized bed using light particles comparing with that in the upward systems or the bubble columns. It is noticed that the hydrodynamics of the inverse fluidized bed has been studied experimentally by many researchers, but most studies were focused on the macro flow characteristics, such as the average phase holdup, axial phase holdup, and minimum fluidization velocity [2,11,12,19;22]. Few of them reported the details of the flow patterns and the flow developments, such as local phase holdups, velocity profiles, and the inner circulation of the particles, etc.

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